The formation evaluation tool and its application in offshore China     

Liu Jianxin Zhang Conghui Pang Xishun 《应用地球物理》2006,3(1):62-67

The Formation Evaluation Tool （FET） introduced in the paper represents a new generation of formation evaluation systems developed and manufactured by China Oilfield Services Limited （COSL）, CNOOC, using a FET technology transfer from Crocker Research, Australia. The system has been applied successfully in the Bohai Sea and South China Sea. For instance, a multilayered oil and water system has been confirmed with the aid of accurate formation pressure tests, even in very thin beds and edge water reservoirs, overcoming the difficulty of determining this kind of oil-water and gas-water contacts. Moreover, the FET pumping and real-time fluid monitoring function allows acquiring a true sample of formation fluid unpolluted by drilling mud which plays an important role in determining the fluid properties of the target stratum and analyzing the fluid component. The principles and purpose of the Formation Evaluation Tool （FET） will be briefly introduced and successful examples of the application of the technology will be described in detail in this paper.  相似文献   

拟建深基坑降水试验岩土工程分析     

吴权  费廷玉 《上海国土资源》2006,(1):37-40

通过对上海轨道交通9号线宜山路车站深基坑降水试验结果分析,得到不同土层受降水影响的岩土工程特征,并对个别土层的实测沉降与由室内试验参数进行估算的沉降进行比较,以获得真实的沉降影响状况,指导深基坑的设计和施工。  相似文献   

苏锡常地区地下水禁采后的地质环境效应研究     

胡建平  隋兆显  陈杰 《江苏地质》2006,30(4):261-264

1995年以来,针对严重的区域性地面沉降和地裂缝灾害,苏锡常地区地下水资源保护和管理工作逐渐加强,特别是从2000年开始,江苏省政府分阶段实施限期禁止开采工作,首先在超采区实行地下水禁采,到2005年底,在苏锡常地区全面禁止开采地下水,全区地下水环境、地面沉降状况出现明显好转,地下水水位普遍回升,地面沉降速率逐渐减缓。根据近年来苏锡常地区地面沉降基岩标、分层标的系统监测资料,对地下水禁采后地质环境的效应特别是地面沉降的变化特征进行了初步分析、研究,并对该区今后地质环境保护工作提出了对策和建议。  相似文献   

The long-time decay of rotating homogeneous flows over variable topography     

L. Zavala Sansón 《Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans》2007

The long-time decay of rotating, homogeneous flows over variable topography is analyzed by means of laboratory experiments and numerical simulations. The influence of the topography on the flow evolution is associated with stretching and squeezing effects on fluid columns as they experience changes in depth, and with viscous effects produced by the boundary condition at the solid bottom of the tank. In particular, experiments with a sine-shaped topography in one of the horizontal directions are analyzed by using two different basic flows. First, the evolution of dipolar vortices drifting across the topography while slowly decaying, is examined. The second set of experiments considers the evolution and decay of an initially circular vortex transforming into a tripolar structure. The experiments are well represented by numerical simulations based on a quasi-two-dimensional formulation with variable topography.  相似文献   

A new solution for a partially penetrating constant‐rate pumping well with a finite‐thickness skin     

Pin‐Yuan Chiu  Hund‐Der Yeh  Shaw‐Yang Yang 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2007,31(15):1659-1674

A mathematical model describing the constant pumping is developed for a partially penetrating well in a heterogeneous aquifer system. The Laplace‐domain solution for the model is derived by applying the Laplace transforms with respect to time and the finite Fourier cosine transforms with respect to vertical co‐ordinates. This solution is used to produce the curves of dimensionless drawdown versus dimensionless time to investigate the influences of the patch zone and well partial penetration on the drawdown distributions. The results show that the dimensionless drawdown depends on the hydraulic properties of the patch and formation zones. The effect of a partially penetrating well on the drawdown with a negative patch zone is larger than that with a positive patch zone. For a single‐zone aquifer case, neglecting the effect of a well radius will give significant error in estimating dimensionless drawdown, especially when dimensionless distance is small. The dimensionless drawdown curves for cases with and without considering the well radius approach the Hantush equation (Advances in Hydroscience. Academic Press: New York, 1964) at large time and/or large distance away from a test well. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Observations of wave pump efficiency     

Peter Nielsen  Paul A. GuardDavid P. Callaghan  Tom E. Baldock 《Coastal Engineering》2008

Currently available data on wave pump efficiency is reviewed. The obtainable efficiency is an important consideration in the design of practical devices for the extraction of wave energy and the analysis of natural systems (e.g., coral flats and rip currents). We find that the peak efficiency is 0.5 for very steep (∼ 40–45°) ramps where the waves break over the top of the ramp. For flatter (< 30°) ramps, the breaking process is more gradual and the peak efficiency is less than 0.1. We have identified natural atoll lagoon systems where the flushing is wave driven and successfully modeled it as driven by a wave pump. The same is the case for rip currents. For both of these natural systems, the pump efficiency is around 0.035. In addition a numerical swash model is used to estimate wave pump efficiency and is seen to match the experimental results for natural systems or breaking wave scenario.  相似文献   

Nutrient flux into an intense deep chlorophyll layer in a mode-water eddy     

James R. Ledwell  Dennis J. McGillicuddy Jr.  Laurence A. Anderson   《Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography》2008,55(10-13):1139

An intense deep chlorophyll layer in the Sargasso Sea was reported near the center of an anticyclonic mode-water eddy by McGillicuddy et al. [2007. Eddy–wind interactions stimulate extraordinary mid-ocean plankton blooms, Science, accepted]. The high chlorophyll was associated with anomalously high concentrations of diatoms and with a maximum in the vertical profile of ¹⁴C primary productivity. Here we report tracer measurements of the vertical advection and turbulent diffusion of deep-water nutrients into this chlorophyll layer. Tracer released in the chlorophyll layer revealed upward motion relative to isopycnal surfaces of about 0.4 m/d, due to solar heating and mixing. The density surfaces themselves shoaled by about 0.1 m/d. The upward flux of dissolved inorganic nitrogen, averaged over 36 days, was approximately 0.6 mmol/m²/d due to both upwelling and mixing. This flux is about 40% of the basin wide, annually averaged, nitrogen flux required to drive the annual new production in the Sargasso Sea, estimated from the oxygen cycle in the euphotic zone, the oxygen demand below the euphotic zone, and from the ³He excess in the mixed layer. The observed upwelling of the fluid was consistent with theoretical models [Dewar, W.K., Flierl, G.R., 1987. Some effects of wind on rings. Journal of Physical Oceanography 17, 1653–1667; Martin, A.P., Richards, K.J., 2001. Mechanisms for vertical nutrient transport within a North Atlantic mesoscale eddy. Deep-Sea Research II 48, 757–773] in which eddy surface currents cause spatial variations in surface stress. The diapycnal diffusivity at the base of the euphotic zone was 3.5±0.5×10⁻⁵ m²/s. Diapycnal mixing was probably enhanced over more typical values by the series of storms passing over the eddy during the experiment and may have been enhanced further by the trapping of near-inertial waves generated within the eddy.  相似文献   

地层测试评价仪在渤海油田的应用     

张国强  张卫平  李欣 《海洋地质译丛》2009,(4):69-72

电缆地层测试是求取储层流体性质、进行储层评价最为直接的方法之一。地层测试评价仪（FET）是国产新一代地层测试评价仪器，不仅可以精确测量地层压力并根据压力剖面确定地层流体类型和油气水界面，而且在目的层取样时可以抽排污染流体、实时检测地层流体特性，对确定地层流体性质和分析流体成分起到了重要作用，同时它也可以计算地层渗透率，进行储层产能预测。通过在渤海油田的成功应用，简单介绍FET的基本工作原理和主要用途，重点论述其优越性和局限性，以及在渤海油田成功应用的典型实例，这对FET在其它油田的推广应用具有参考意义。  相似文献   

Neogene aquifer properties specified through the interpretation of electrical sounding data,Salamiyeh region,central Syria     

Jamal Asfahani 《水文研究》2007,21(21):2934-2943

Twenty‐nine Schlumberger electrical soundings were carried out in the Salamiyeh region in Syria using a maximum current electrode separation of 1 km. Three soundings were made at existing boreholes for comparison. Aquifer parameters of hydraulic conductivity and transmissivity were obtained by analysing pumping test data from the existing boreholes. An empirical relationship between hydraulic conductivity determined from the pumping test and both resistivity and thickness of the Neogene aquifer has been established for these boreholes in order to calculate the geophysical hydraulic conductivity. A close agreement has been obtained between the computed hydraulic conductivity and that determined from the pumping test. The relationship established has, therefore, been generalized in the study area in order to evaluate hydraulic conductivity and transmissivity at all the points where geoelectrical measurements have been carried out. This generalization allows one to derive maps of the hydraulic conductivity and transmissivity in the study area based on geoelectrical measurements. These maps are important in future modelling processes oriented towards better exploitation of the aquifers. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

斜井长距离混凝土泵送技术          下载免费PDF全文

袁华俊  刘野  刘则启 《探矿工程》2010,37(4):78-81

以降云顶隧洞混凝土泵送为例,分析了斜井长距离混凝土泵送存在的问题、堵管机理及解决的方法,并论述了斜井长距离混凝土泵送设计与操作流程。  相似文献